Types of Expressions

In this section: Expressions and Variable Formats

Reference: Usage Notes for Expressions

This section describes the types of expressions that you can write in Maintain Data:

• Numeric. Use a numeric expression to perform calculations that use numeric constants (integer or decimal) and variables. For example, you can write an expression to compute the bonus for each employee by multiplying the current salary by the desired percentage as follows:

  COMPUTE Bonus = Curr_Sal * 0.05 ;

  A numeric expression returns a numeric value. For details, see Writing Numeric Expressions.

• Date. Use date expressions to perform numeric calculations on dates. For example, you can write an expression to determine when a customer can expect to receive an order by adding the number of days in transit to the date on which you shipped the order as follows:

  COMPUTE Delivery/MDY = ShipDate + 5 ;

  There are two types of date expressions:

  • Date expressions. Return a date, a component of a date, or an integer that represents the number of days, months, quarters, or years between two dates. For details, see Writing Date Expressions.
  • Date-time expressions. Use a variety of specialized date-time functions, each of which returns a different kind of value. For details, see Writing Date-Time Expressions.
• Character. Use a character expression to manipulate alphanumeric or text constants or variables. For example, you can write an expression to extract the first initial from an alphanumeric field as follows:

  COMPUTE First_Init/A1 = MASK (First_Name, '9$$$$$$$$$') ;

  A character expression returns a character value. For details, see Writing Character Expressions.

• Logical. Use a logical expression to evaluate the relationship between two values. A logical expression returns TRUE or FALSE. For details, see Writing Logical Expressions.
• Conditional. Use a conditional expression to assign a value based on the result of a logical expression. A conditional expression (IF...THEN...ELSE) returns a numeric or character value. For details, see Writing Conditional Expressions.