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# String operators and functions

The following table lists all of the SQL string operators and functions supported by EBX®, along with their standard SQL syntax. Some functions can have optional parameters: they are surrounded by square brackets.

Operator syntax | Description and example(s)
--- | ---
string || string | Concatenates two character strings `SELECT 'Hello ' || 'world !' : Hello world !`
CHAR_LENGTH(string) | Returns the number of characters in a character string `SELECT CHAR_LENGTH('Alfreds Futterkiste') : 19`
CHARACTER_LENGTH(string) | As CHAR_LENGTH(string) `SELECT CHARACTER_LENGTH('Alfreds Futterkiste') : 19`
UPPER(string) | Returns a character string converted to upper case `SELECT UPPER('SQL Tutorial is FUN!') : SQL TUTORIAL IS FUN!`
POSITION(string1 IN string2 [FROM integer]) | Returns the position of the first occurrence of string1 in string2 starting at a given point if specified `SELECT POSITION('is fun' IN 'Tutorial is FUN!') : 0` `SELECT POSITION('fun' IN 'Tutorial is FUN, very FUN!' FROM 17) : 0`
TRIM( { BOTH | LEADING | TRAILING } character FROM string) | Removes the longest string containing only the character from the start/end/both ends of string `SELECT TRIM(' ' FROM ' #SQL Tutorial! ') : #SQL Tutorial!` `SELECT TRIM(LEADING ' ' FROM ' #SQL Tutorial! ') : #SQL Tutorial!` `SELECT TRIM(TRAILING ' ' FROM ' #SQL Tutorial! ') : #SQL Tutorial!` `SELECT TRIM(BOTH ' ' FROM ' #SQL Tutorial! ') : #SQL Tutorial!`
OVERLAY(string1 PLACING string2 FROM integer [ FOR integer2 ]) | Replaces a substring of string1 with string2 `SELECT OVERLAY('Tutorial is very FUN!' PLACING 'VERY' FROM 13) : Tutorial is VERY FUN!` `SELECT OVERLAY('Tutorial is very FUN!' PLACING 'VERY' FROM 13 FOR 4) : Tutorial is VERY FUN!`
SUBSTRING(string FROM integer [FOR integer]) | Returns a substring of a character string starting at a given point `SELECT SUBSTRING('Tutorial is very FUN!' FROM 13) : very FUN!` `SELECT SUBSTRING('Tutorial is very FUN!' FROM 13 FOR 4) : very`

Documentation > Developer Guide > SQL in EBX®