raw
Create a Raw Vector

Description

Creates a vector with the element type raw.

Usage

raw(length = 0L)
as.raw(x)
is.raw(x)

Arguments

length an integer indicating the length of the vector to create.
x an object.

Details

raw creates a vector with the length length and an element type of "raw".
A raw vector is used to represent a "raw" sequence of bytes. Each byte is a value between 0 and 255. There are no NA values. Raw vectors are printed using hexadecimal (base 16) notation, so the (decial) value 10 is printed as 0a.
Value
raw()returns a vector of mode "raw" and length of length.
as.raw()returns a raw object if the original object x can be converted to a raw object. If it cannot be converted, an warning is displayed.
is.raw()returns a logical value to indicate whether the object x is a raw object.
See Also
vector, serialize, charToRaw
Examples
raw(2)
# [1] 00 00

as.raw(c(-1,0,10,255,256))
#Warning: out-of-range values treated as 0 in coercion to raw
# [1] 00 00 0a ff 00

x <- runif(10)
is.raw(x)
# [1] FALSE

# serialize an object into a vector of raw bytes
r <- serialize(x, NULL)

is.raw(r)
# [1] TRUE

# Re-create the object from the raw vector
y <- unserialize(r)
identical(x, y)
# [1] TRUE

# Convert a character string to raw bytes
charToRaw('hello')
# [1] 68 65 6c 6c 6f
Package base version 6.1.1-7
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