...

Package time

import "time"
Overview
Index
Examples

Overview ▾

Package time provides functionality for measuring and displaying time.

The calendrical calculations always assume a Gregorian calendar, with no leap seconds.

Monotonic Clocks

Operating systems provide both a “wall clock,” which is subject to changes for clock synchronization, and a “monotonic clock,” which is not. The general rule is that the wall clock is for telling time and the monotonic clock is for measuring time. Rather than split the API, in this package the Time returned by time.Now contains both a wall clock reading and a monotonic clock reading; later time-telling operations use the wall clock reading, but later time-measuring operations, specifically comparisons and subtractions, use the monotonic clock reading.

For example, this code always computes a positive elapsed time of approximately 20 milliseconds, even if the wall clock is changed during the operation being timed: 

start := time.Now()
... operation that takes 20 milliseconds ...
t := time.Now()
elapsed := t.Sub(start)

Other idioms, such as time.Since(start), time.Until(deadline), and time.Now().Before(deadline), are similarly robust against wall clock resets.

The rest of this section gives the precise details of how operations use monotonic clocks, but understanding those details is not required to use this package.

The Time returned by time.Now contains a monotonic clock reading. If Time t has a monotonic clock reading, t.Add adds the same duration to both the wall clock and monotonic clock readings to compute the result. Because t.AddDate(y, m, d), t.Round(d), and t.Truncate(d) are wall time computations, they always strip any monotonic clock reading from their results. Because t.In, t.Local, and t.UTC are used for their effect on the interpretation of the wall time, they also strip any monotonic clock reading from their results. The canonical way to strip a monotonic clock reading is to use t = t.Round(0).

If Times t and u both contain monotonic clock readings, the operations t.After(u), t.Before(u), t.Equal(u), and t.Sub(u) are carried out using the monotonic clock readings alone, ignoring the wall clock readings. If either t or u contains no monotonic clock reading, these operations fall back to using the wall clock readings.

On some systems the monotonic clock will stop if the computer goes to sleep. On such a system, t.Sub(u) may not accurately reflect the actual time that passed between t and u.

Because the monotonic clock reading has no meaning outside the current process, the serialized forms generated by t.GobEncode, t.MarshalBinary, t.MarshalJSON, and t.MarshalText omit the monotonic clock reading, and t.Format provides no format for it. Similarly, the constructors time.Date, time.Parse, time.ParseInLocation, and time.Unix, as well as the unmarshalers t.GobDecode, t.UnmarshalBinary. t.UnmarshalJSON, and t.UnmarshalText always create times with no monotonic clock reading.

Note that the Go == operator compares not just the time instant but also the Location and the monotonic clock reading. See the documentation for the Time type for a discussion of equality testing for Time values.

For debugging, the result of t.String does include the monotonic clock reading if present. If t != u because of different monotonic clock readings, that difference will be visible when printing t.String() and u.String().

Index ▾

Constants
func After(d Duration) <-chan Time
func Sleep(d Duration)
func Tick(d Duration) <-chan Time
type Duration
    func ParseDuration(s string) (Duration, error)
    func Since(t Time) Duration
    func Until(t Time) Duration
    func (d Duration) Hours() float64
    func (d Duration) Minutes() float64
    func (d Duration) Nanoseconds() int64
    func (d Duration) Round(m Duration) Duration
    func (d Duration) Seconds() float64
    func (d Duration) String() string
    func (d Duration) Truncate(m Duration) Duration
type Location
    func FixedZone(name string, offset int) *Location
    func LoadLocation(name string) (*Location, error)
    func LoadLocationFromTZData(name string, data []byte) (*Location, error)
    func (l *Location) String() string
type Month
    func (m Month) String() string
type ParseError
    func (e *ParseError) Error() string
type Ticker
    func NewTicker(d Duration) *Ticker
    func (t *Ticker) Stop()
type Time
    func Date(year int, month Month, day, hour, min, sec, nsec int, loc *Location) Time
    func Now() Time
    func Parse(layout, value string) (Time, error)
    func ParseInLocation(layout, value string, loc *Location) (Time, error)
    func Unix(sec int64, nsec int64) Time
    func (t Time) Add(d Duration) Time
    func (t Time) AddDate(years int, months int, days int) Time
    func (t Time) After(u Time) bool
    func (t Time) AppendFormat(b []byte, layout string) []byte
    func (t Time) Before(u Time) bool
    func (t Time) Clock() (hour, min, sec int)
    func (t Time) Date() (year int, month Month, day int)
    func (t Time) Day() int
    func (t Time) Equal(u Time) bool
    func (t Time) Format(layout string) string
    func (t *Time) GobDecode(data []byte) error
    func (t Time) GobEncode() ([]byte, error)
    func (t Time) Hour() int
    func (t Time) ISOWeek() (year, week int)
    func (t Time) In(loc *Location) Time
    func (t Time) IsZero() bool
    func (t Time) Local() Time
    func (t Time) Location() *Location
    func (t Time) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error)
    func (t Time) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
    func (t Time) MarshalText() ([]byte, error)
    func (t Time) Minute() int
    func (t Time) Month() Month
    func (t Time) Nanosecond() int
    func (t Time) Round(d Duration) Time
    func (t Time) Second() int
    func (t Time) String() string
    func (t Time) Sub(u Time) Duration
    func (t Time) Truncate(d Duration) Time
    func (t Time) UTC() Time
    func (t Time) Unix() int64
    func (t Time) UnixNano() int64
    func (t *Time) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error
    func (t *Time) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error
    func (t *Time) UnmarshalText(data []byte) error
    func (t Time) Weekday() Weekday
    func (t Time) Year() int
    func (t Time) YearDay() int
    func (t Time) Zone() (name string, offset int)
type Timer
    func AfterFunc(d Duration, f func()) *Timer
    func NewTimer(d Duration) *Timer
    func (t *Timer) Reset(d Duration) bool
    func (t *Timer) Stop() bool
type Weekday
    func (d Weekday) String() string

Package files

format.go sleep.go sys_unix.go tick.go time.go zoneinfo.go zoneinfo_read.go zoneinfo_unix.go

Constants

These are predefined layouts for use in Time.Format and time.Parse. The reference time used in the layouts is the specific time: 

Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 MST 2006

which is Unix time 1136239445. Since MST is GMT-0700, the reference time can be thought of as 

01/02 03:04:05PM '06 -0700

To define your own format, write down what the reference time would look like formatted your way; see the values of constants like ANSIC, StampMicro or Kitchen for examples. The model is to demonstrate what the reference time looks like so that the Format and Parse methods can apply the same transformation to a general time value.

Some valid layouts are invalid time values for time.Parse, due to formats such as _ for space padding and Z for zone information.

Within the format string, an underscore _ represents a space that may be replaced by a digit if the following number (a day) has two digits; for compatibility with fixed-width Unix time formats.

A decimal point followed by one or more zeros represents a fractional second, printed to the given number of decimal places. A decimal point followed by one or more nines represents a fractional second, printed to the given number of decimal places, with trailing zeros removed. When parsing (only), the input may contain a fractional second field immediately after the seconds field, even if the layout does not signify its presence. In that case a decimal point followed by a maximal series of digits is parsed as a fractional second.

Numeric time zone offsets format as follows: 

-0700  ±hhmm
-07:00 ±hh:mm
-07    ±hh

Replacing the sign in the format with a Z triggers the ISO 8601 behavior of printing Z instead of an offset for the UTC zone. Thus: 

Z0700  Z or ±hhmm
Z07:00 Z or ±hh:mm
Z07    Z or ±hh

The recognized day of week formats are "Mon" and "Monday". The recognized month formats are "Jan" and "January".

Text in the format string that is not recognized as part of the reference time is echoed verbatim during Format and expected to appear verbatim in the input to Parse.

The executable example for Time.Format demonstrates the working of the layout string in detail and is a good reference.

Note that the RFC822, RFC850, and RFC1123 formats should be applied only to local times. Applying them to UTC times will use "UTC" as the time zone abbreviation, while strictly speaking those RFCs require the use of "GMT" in that case. In general RFC1123Z should be used instead of RFC1123 for servers that insist on that format, and RFC3339 should be preferred for new protocols. RFC3339, RFC822, RFC822Z, RFC1123, and RFC1123Z are useful for formatting; when used with time.Parse they do not accept all the time formats permitted by the RFCs. The RFC3339Nano format removes trailing zeros from the seconds field and thus may not sort correctly once formatted. 

const (
    ANSIC       = "Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 2006"
    UnixDate    = "Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 MST 2006"
    RubyDate    = "Mon Jan 02 15:04:05 -0700 2006"
    RFC822      = "02 Jan 06 15:04 MST"
    RFC822Z     = "02 Jan 06 15:04 -0700" // RFC822 with numeric zone
    RFC850      = "Monday, 02-Jan-06 15:04:05 MST"
    RFC1123     = "Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 MST"
    RFC1123Z    = "Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 -0700" // RFC1123 with numeric zone
    RFC3339     = "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00"
    RFC3339Nano = "2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999999Z07:00"
    Kitchen     = "3:04PM"
    // Handy time stamps.
    Stamp      = "Jan _2 15:04:05"
    StampMilli = "Jan _2 15:04:05.000"
    StampMicro = "Jan _2 15:04:05.000000"
    StampNano  = "Jan _2 15:04:05.000000000"
)

Common durations. There is no definition for units of Day or larger to avoid confusion across daylight savings time zone transitions.

To count the number of units in a Duration, divide: 

second := time.Second
fmt.Print(int64(second/time.Millisecond)) // prints 1000

To convert an integer number of units to a Duration, multiply: 

seconds := 10
fmt.Print(time.Duration(seconds)*time.Second) // prints 10s

const (
    Nanosecond  Duration = 1
    Microsecond          = 1000 * Nanosecond
    Millisecond          = 1000 * Microsecond
    Second               = 1000 * Millisecond
    Minute               = 60 * Second
    Hour                 = 60 * Minute
)

func After 

func After(d Duration) <-chan Time

After waits for the duration to elapse and then sends the current time on the returned channel. It is equivalent to NewTimer(d).C. The underlying Timer is not recovered by the garbage collector until the timer fires. If efficiency is a concern, use NewTimer instead and call Timer.Stop if the timer is no longer needed.

▾ Example

Code:

select {
case m := <-c:
    handle(m)
case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
    fmt.Println("timed out")
}

func Sleep 

func Sleep(d Duration)

Sleep pauses the current goroutine for at least the duration d. A negative or zero duration causes Sleep to return immediately.

▾ Example

Code:

time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)

func Tick 

func Tick(d Duration) <-chan Time

Tick is a convenience wrapper for NewTicker providing access to the ticking channel only. While Tick is useful for clients that have no need to shut down the Ticker, be aware that without a way to shut it down the underlying Ticker cannot be recovered by the garbage collector; it "leaks". Unlike NewTicker, Tick will return nil if d <= 0.

▾ Example

Code:

c := time.Tick(5 * time.Second)
for now := range c {
    fmt.Printf("%v %s\n", now, statusUpdate())
}

type Duration

A Duration represents the elapsed time between two instants as an int64 nanosecond count. The representation limits the largest representable duration to approximately 290 years. 

type Duration int64

▾ Example

Code:

t0 := time.Now()
expensiveCall()
t1 := time.Now()
fmt.Printf("The call took %v to run.\n", t1.Sub(t0))

func ParseDuration 

func ParseDuration(s string) (Duration, error)

ParseDuration parses a duration string. A duration string is a possibly signed sequence of decimal numbers, each with optional fraction and a unit suffix, such as "300ms", "-1.5h" or "2h45m". Valid time units are "ns", "us" (or "µs"), "ms", "s", "m", "h".

▾ Example

Code:

hours, _ := time.ParseDuration("10h")
complex, _ := time.ParseDuration("1h10m10s")

fmt.Println(hours)
fmt.Println(complex)
fmt.Printf("there are %.0f seconds in %v\n", complex.Seconds(), complex)

Output:

10h0m0s
1h10m10s
there are 4210 seconds in 1h10m10s

func Since 

func Since(t Time) Duration

Since returns the time elapsed since t. It is shorthand for time.Now().Sub(t).

func Until 1.8 

func Until(t Time) Duration

Until returns the duration until t. It is shorthand for t.Sub(time.Now()).

func (Duration) Hours 

func (d Duration) Hours() float64

Hours returns the duration as a floating point number of hours.

▾ Example

Code:

h, _ := time.ParseDuration("4h30m")
fmt.Printf("I've got %.1f hours of work left.", h.Hours())

Output:

I've got 4.5 hours of work left.

func (Duration) Minutes 

func (d Duration) Minutes() float64

Minutes returns the duration as a floating point number of minutes.

▾ Example

Code:

m, _ := time.ParseDuration("1h30m")
fmt.Printf("The movie is %.0f minutes long.", m.Minutes())

Output:

The movie is 90 minutes long.

func (Duration) Nanoseconds 

func (d Duration) Nanoseconds() int64

Nanoseconds returns the duration as an integer nanosecond count.

▾ Example

Code:

ns, _ := time.ParseDuration("1000ns")
fmt.Printf("one microsecond has %d nanoseconds.", ns.Nanoseconds())

Output:

one microsecond has 1000 nanoseconds.

func (Duration) Round 1.9 

func (d Duration) Round(m Duration) Duration

Round returns the result of rounding d to the nearest multiple of m. The rounding behavior for halfway values is to round away from zero. If the result exceeds the maximum (or minimum) value that can be stored in a Duration, Round returns the maximum (or minimum) duration. If m <= 0, Round returns d unchanged.

▾ Example

Code:

d, err := time.ParseDuration("1h15m30.918273645s")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}

round := []time.Duration{
    time.Nanosecond,
    time.Microsecond,
    time.Millisecond,
    time.Second,
    2 * time.Second,
    time.Minute,
    10 * time.Minute,
    time.Hour,
}

for _, r := range round {
    fmt.Printf("d.Round(%6s) = %s\n", r, d.Round(r).String())
}

Output:

d.Round(   1ns) = 1h15m30.918273645s
d.Round(   1µs) = 1h15m30.918274s
d.Round(   1ms) = 1h15m30.918s
d.Round(    1s) = 1h15m31s
d.Round(    2s) = 1h15m30s
d.Round(  1m0s) = 1h16m0s
d.Round( 10m0s) = 1h20m0s
d.Round(1h0m0s) = 1h0m0s

func (Duration) Seconds 

func (d Duration) Seconds() float64

Seconds returns the duration as a floating point number of seconds.

▾ Example

Code:

m, _ := time.ParseDuration("1m30s")
fmt.Printf("take off in t-%.0f seconds.", m.Seconds())

Output:

take off in t-90 seconds.

func (Duration) String 

func (d Duration) String() string

String returns a string representing the duration in the form "72h3m0.5s". Leading zero units are omitted. As a special case, durations less than one second format use a smaller unit (milli-, micro-, or nanoseconds) to ensure that the leading digit is non-zero. The zero duration formats as 0s.

▾ Example

Code:

t1 := time.Date(2016, time.August, 15, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
t2 := time.Date(2017, time.February, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
fmt.Println(t2.Sub(t1).String())

Output:

4440h0m0s

func (Duration) Truncate 1.9 

func (d Duration) Truncate(m Duration) Duration

Truncate returns the result of rounding d toward zero to a multiple of m. If m <= 0, Truncate returns d unchanged.

▾ Example

Code:

d, err := time.ParseDuration("1h15m30.918273645s")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}

trunc := []time.Duration{
    time.Nanosecond,
    time.Microsecond,
    time.Millisecond,
    time.Second,
    2 * time.Second,
    time.Minute,
    10 * time.Minute,
    time.Hour,
}

for _, t := range trunc {
    fmt.Printf("d.Truncate(%6s) = %s\n", t, d.Truncate(t).String())
}

Output:

d.Truncate(   1ns) = 1h15m30.918273645s
d.Truncate(   1µs) = 1h15m30.918273s
d.Truncate(   1ms) = 1h15m30.918s
d.Truncate(    1s) = 1h15m30s
d.Truncate(    2s) = 1h15m30s
d.Truncate(  1m0s) = 1h15m0s
d.Truncate( 10m0s) = 1h10m0s
d.Truncate(1h0m0s) = 1h0m0s

type Location

A Location maps time instants to the zone in use at that time. Typically, the Location represents the collection of time offsets in use in a geographical area, such as CEST and CET for central Europe. 

type Location struct {
    // contains filtered or unexported fields
}

Local represents the system's local time zone. 

var Local *Location = &localLoc

UTC represents Universal Coordinated Time (UTC). 

var UTC *Location = &utcLoc

▾ Example

Code:

// China doesn't have daylight saving. It uses a fixed 8 hour offset from UTC.
secondsEastOfUTC := int((8 * time.Hour).Seconds())
beijing := time.FixedZone("Beijing Time", secondsEastOfUTC)

// If the system has a timezone database present, it's possible to load a location
// from that, e.g.:
//    newYork, err := time.LoadLocation("America/New_York")

// Creating a time requires a location. Common locations are time.Local and time.UTC.
timeInUTC := time.Date(2009, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
sameTimeInBeijing := time.Date(2009, 1, 1, 20, 0, 0, 0, beijing)

// Although the UTC clock time is 1200 and the Beijing clock time is 2000, Beijing is
// 8 hours ahead so the two dates actually represent the same instant.
timesAreEqual := timeInUTC.Equal(sameTimeInBeijing)
fmt.Println(timesAreEqual)

Output:

true

func FixedZone 

func FixedZone(name string, offset int) *Location

FixedZone returns a Location that always uses the given zone name and offset (seconds east of UTC).

▾ Example

Code:

loc := time.FixedZone("UTC-8", -8*60*60)
t := time.Date(2009, time.November, 10, 23, 0, 0, 0, loc)
fmt.Println("The time is:", t.Format(time.RFC822))

Output:

The time is: 10 Nov 09 23:00 UTC-8

func LoadLocation 

func LoadLocation(name string) (*Location, error)

LoadLocation returns the Location with the given name.

If the name is "" or "UTC", LoadLocation returns UTC. If the name is "Local", LoadLocation returns Local.

Otherwise, the name is taken to be a location name corresponding to a file in the IANA Time Zone database, such as "America/New_York".

The time zone database needed by LoadLocation may not be present on all systems, especially non-Unix systems. LoadLocation looks in the directory or uncompressed zip file named by the ZONEINFO environment variable, if any, then looks in known installation locations on Unix systems, and finally looks in $GOROOT/lib/time/zoneinfo.zip.

▾ Example

Code:

location, err := time.LoadLocation("America/Los_Angeles")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}

timeInUTC := time.Date(2018, 8, 30, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
fmt.Println(timeInUTC.In(location))

Output:

2018-08-30 05:00:00 -0700 PDT

func LoadLocationFromTZData 1.10 

func LoadLocationFromTZData(name string, data []byte) (*Location, error)

LoadLocationFromTZData returns a Location with the given name initialized from the IANA Time Zone database-formatted data. The data should be in the format of a standard IANA time zone file (for example, the content of /etc/localtime on Unix systems).

func (*Location) String 

func (l *Location) String() string

String returns a descriptive name for the time zone information, corresponding to the name argument to LoadLocation or FixedZone.

type Month

A Month specifies a month of the year (January = 1, ...). 

type Month int
const (
    January Month = 1 + iota
    February
    March
    April
    May
    June
    July
    August
    September
    October
    November
    December
)

▾ Example

Code:

_, month, day := time.Now().Date()
if month == time.November && day == 10 {
    fmt.Println("Happy Go day!")
}

func (Month) String 

func (m Month) String() string

String returns the English name of the month ("January", "February", ...).

type ParseError

ParseError describes a problem parsing a time string. 

type ParseError struct {
    Layout     string
    Value      string
    LayoutElem string
    ValueElem  string
    Message    string
}

func (*ParseError) Error 

func (e *ParseError) Error() string

Error returns the string representation of a ParseError.

type Ticker

A Ticker holds a channel that delivers `ticks' of a clock at intervals. 

type Ticker struct {
    C <-chan Time // The channel on which the ticks are delivered.
    // contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func NewTicker 

func NewTicker(d Duration) *Ticker

NewTicker returns a new Ticker containing a channel that will send the time with a period specified by the duration argument. It adjusts the intervals or drops ticks to make up for slow receivers. The duration d must be greater than zero; if not, NewTicker will panic. Stop the ticker to release associated resources.

▾ Example

Code:

ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second)
defer ticker.Stop()
done := make(chan bool)
go func() {
    time.Sleep(10 * time.Second)
    done <- true
}()
for {
    select {
    case <-done:
        fmt.Println("Done!")
        return
    case t := <-ticker.C:
        fmt.Println("Current time: ", t)
    }
}

func (*Ticker) Stop 

func (t *Ticker) Stop()

Stop turns off a ticker. After Stop, no more ticks will be sent. Stop does not close the channel, to prevent a concurrent goroutine reading from the channel from seeing an erroneous "tick".

type Time

A Time represents an instant in time with nanosecond precision.

Programs using times should typically store and pass them as values, not pointers. That is, time variables and struct fields should be of type time.Time, not *time.Time.

A Time value can be used by multiple goroutines simultaneously except that the methods GobDecode, UnmarshalBinary, UnmarshalJSON and UnmarshalText are not concurrency-safe.

Time instants can be compared using the Before, After, and Equal methods. The Sub method subtracts two instants, producing a Duration. The Add method adds a Time and a Duration, producing a Time.

The zero value of type Time is January 1, year 1, 00:00:00.000000000 UTC. As this time is unlikely to come up in practice, the IsZero method gives a simple way of detecting a time that has not been initialized explicitly.

Each Time has associated with it a Location, consulted when computing the presentation form of the time, such as in the Format, Hour, and Year methods. The methods Local, UTC, and In return a Time with a specific location. Changing the location in this way changes only the presentation; it does not change the instant in time being denoted and therefore does not affect the computations described in earlier paragraphs.

Representations of a Time value saved by the GobEncode, MarshalBinary, MarshalJSON, and MarshalText methods store the Time.Location's offset, but not the location name. They therefore lose information about Daylight Saving Time.

In addition to the required “wall clock” reading, a Time may contain an optional reading of the current process's monotonic clock, to provide additional precision for comparison or subtraction. See the “Monotonic Clocks” section in the package documentation for details.

Note that the Go == operator compares not just the time instant but also the Location and the monotonic clock reading. Therefore, Time values should not be used as map or database keys without first guaranteeing that the identical Location has been set for all values, which can be achieved through use of the UTC or Local method, and that the monotonic clock reading has been stripped by setting t = t.Round(0). In general, prefer t.Equal(u) to t == u, since t.Equal uses the most accurate comparison available and correctly handles the case when only one of its arguments has a monotonic clock reading. 

type Time struct {
    // contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func Date 

func Date(year int, month Month, day, hour, min, sec, nsec int, loc *Location) Time

Date returns the Time corresponding to 

yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss + nsec nanoseconds

in the appropriate zone for that time in the given location.

The month, day, hour, min, sec, and nsec values may be outside their usual ranges and will be normalized during the conversion. For example, October 32 converts to November 1.

A daylight savings time transition skips or repeats times. For example, in the United States, March 13, 2011 2:15am never occurred, while November 6, 2011 1:15am occurred twice. In such cases, the choice of time zone, and therefore the time, is not well-defined. Date returns a time that is correct in one of the two zones involved in the transition, but it does not guarantee which.

Date panics if loc is nil.

▾ Example

Code:

t := time.Date(2009, time.November, 10, 23, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
fmt.Printf("Go launched at %s\n", t.Local())

Output:

Go launched at 2009-11-10 15:00:00 -0800 PST

func Now 

func Now() Time

Now returns the current local time.

func Parse 

func Parse(layout, value string) (Time, error)

Parse parses a formatted string and returns the time value it represents. The layout defines the format by showing how the reference time, defined to be 

Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 -0700 MST 2006

would be interpreted if it were the value; it serves as an example of the input format. The same interpretation will then be made to the input string.

Predefined layouts ANSIC, UnixDate, RFC3339 and others describe standard and convenient representations of the reference time. For more information about the formats and the definition of the reference time, see the documentation for ANSIC and the other constants defined by this package. Also, the executable example for Time.Format demonstrates the working of the layout string in detail and is a good reference.

Elements omitted from the value are assumed to be zero or, when zero is impossible, one, so parsing "3:04pm" returns the time corresponding to Jan 1, year 0, 15:04:00 UTC (note that because the year is 0, this time is before the zero Time). Years must be in the range 0000..9999. The day of the week is checked for syntax but it is otherwise ignored.

In the absence of a time zone indicator, Parse returns a time in UTC.

When parsing a time with a zone offset like -0700, if the offset corresponds to a time zone used by the current location (Local), then Parse uses that location and zone in the returned time. Otherwise it records the time as being in a fabricated location with time fixed at the given zone offset.

When parsing a time with a zone abbreviation like MST, if the zone abbreviation has a defined offset in the current location, then that offset is used. The zone abbreviation "UTC" is recognized as UTC regardless of location. If the zone abbreviation is unknown, Parse records the time as being in a fabricated location with the given zone abbreviation and a zero offset. This choice means that such a time can be parsed and reformatted with the same layout losslessly, but the exact instant used in the representation will differ by the actual zone offset. To avoid such problems, prefer time layouts that use a numeric zone offset, or use ParseInLocation.

▾ Example

Code:

// See the example for Time.Format for a thorough description of how
// to define the layout string to parse a time.Time value; Parse and
// Format use the same model to describe their input and output.

// longForm shows by example how the reference time would be represented in
// the desired layout.
const longForm = "Jan 2, 2006 at 3:04pm (MST)"
t, _ := time.Parse(longForm, "Feb 3, 2013 at 7:54pm (PST)")
fmt.Println(t)

// shortForm is another way the reference time would be represented
// in the desired layout; it has no time zone present.
// Note: without explicit zone, returns time in UTC.
const shortForm = "2006-Jan-02"
t, _ = time.Parse(shortForm, "2013-Feb-03")
fmt.Println(t)

// Some valid layouts are invalid time values, due to format specifiers
// such as _ for space padding and Z for zone information.
// For example the RFC3339 layout 2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00
// contains both Z and a time zone offset in order to handle both valid options:
// 2006-01-02T15:04:05Z
// 2006-01-02T15:04:05+07:00
t, _ = time.Parse(time.RFC3339, "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z")
fmt.Println(t)
t, _ = time.Parse(time.RFC3339, "2006-01-02T15:04:05+07:00")
fmt.Println(t)
_, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, time.RFC3339)
fmt.Println("error", err) // Returns an error as the layout is not a valid time value

Output:

2013-02-03 19:54:00 -0800 PST
2013-02-03 00:00:00 +0000 UTC
2006-01-02 15:04:05 +0000 UTC
2006-01-02 15:04:05 +0700 +0700
error parsing time "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00": extra text: 07:00

func ParseInLocation 1.1 

func ParseInLocation(layout, value string, loc *Location) (Time, error)

ParseInLocation is like Parse but differs in two important ways. First, in the absence of time zone information, Parse interprets a time as UTC; ParseInLocation interprets the time as in the given location. Second, when given a zone offset or abbreviation, Parse tries to match it against the Local location; ParseInLocation uses the given location.

▾ Example

Code:

loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Europe/Berlin")

const longForm = "Jan 2, 2006 at 3:04pm (MST)"
t, _ := time.ParseInLocation(longForm, "Jul 9, 2012 at 5:02am (CEST)", loc)
fmt.Println(t)

// Note: without explicit zone, returns time in given location.
const shortForm = "2006-Jan-02"
t, _ = time.ParseInLocation(shortForm, "2012-Jul-09", loc)
fmt.Println(t)

Output:

2012-07-09 05:02:00 +0200 CEST
2012-07-09 00:00:00 +0200 CEST

func Unix 

func Unix(sec int64, nsec int64) Time

Unix returns the local Time corresponding to the given Unix time, sec seconds and nsec nanoseconds since January 1, 1970 UTC. It is valid to pass nsec outside the range [0, 999999999]. Not all sec values have a corresponding time value. One such value is 1<<63-1 (the largest int64 value).

func (Time) Add 

func (t Time) Add(d Duration) Time

Add returns the time t+d.

▾ Example

Code:

start := time.Date(2009, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
afterTenSeconds := start.Add(time.Second * 10)
afterTenMinutes := start.Add(time.Minute * 10)
afterTenHours := start.Add(time.Hour * 10)
afterTenDays := start.Add(time.Hour * 24 * 10)

fmt.Printf("start = %v\n", start)
fmt.Printf("start.Add(time.Second * 10) = %v\n", afterTenSeconds)
fmt.Printf("start.Add(time.Minute * 10) = %v\n", afterTenMinutes)
fmt.Printf("start.Add(time.Hour * 10) = %v\n", afterTenHours)
fmt.Printf("start.Add(time.Hour * 24 * 10) = %v\n", afterTenDays)

Output:

start = 2009-01-01 12:00:00 +0000 UTC
start.Add(time.Second * 10) = 2009-01-01 12:00:10 +0000 UTC
start.Add(time.Minute * 10) = 2009-01-01 12:10:00 +0000 UTC
start.Add(time.Hour * 10) = 2009-01-01 22:00:00 +0000 UTC
start.Add(time.Hour * 24 * 10) = 2009-01-11 12:00:00 +0000 UTC

func (Time) AddDate 

func (t Time) AddDate(years int, months int, days int) Time

AddDate returns the time corresponding to adding the given number of years, months, and days to t. For example, AddDate(-1, 2, 3) applied to January 1, 2011 returns March 4, 2010.

AddDate normalizes its result in the same way that Date does, so, for example, adding one month to October 31 yields December 1, the normalized form for November 31.

▾ Example

Code:

start := time.Date(2009, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
oneDayLater := start.AddDate(0, 0, 1)
oneMonthLater := start.AddDate(0, 1, 0)
oneYearLater := start.AddDate(1, 0, 0)

fmt.Printf("oneDayLater: start.AddDate(0, 0, 1) = %v\n", oneDayLater)
fmt.Printf("oneMonthLater: start.AddDate(0, 1, 0) = %v\n", oneMonthLater)
fmt.Printf("oneYearLater: start.AddDate(1, 0, 0) = %v\n", oneYearLater)

Output:

oneDayLater: start.AddDate(0, 0, 1) = 2009-01-02 00:00:00 +0000 UTC
oneMonthLater: start.AddDate(0, 1, 0) = 2009-02-01 00:00:00 +0000 UTC
oneYearLater: start.AddDate(1, 0, 0) = 2010-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 UTC

func (Time) After 

func (t Time) After(u Time) bool

After reports whether the time instant t is after u.

▾ Example

Code:

year2000 := time.Date(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
year3000 := time.Date(3000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)

isYear3000AfterYear2000 := year3000.After(year2000) // True
isYear2000AfterYear3000 := year2000.After(year3000) // False

fmt.Printf("year3000.After(year2000) = %v\n", isYear3000AfterYear2000)
fmt.Printf("year2000.After(year3000) = %v\n", isYear2000AfterYear3000)

Output:

year3000.After(year2000) = true
year2000.After(year3000) = false

func (Time) AppendFormat 1.5 

func (t Time) AppendFormat(b []byte, layout string) []byte

AppendFormat is like Format but appends the textual representation to b and returns the extended buffer.

▾ Example

Code:

t := time.Date(2017, time.November, 4, 11, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
text := []byte("Time: ")

text = t.AppendFormat(text, time.Kitchen)
fmt.Println(string(text))

Output:

Time: 11:00AM

func (Time) Before 

func (t Time) Before(u Time) bool

Before reports whether the time instant t is before u.

▾ Example

Code:

year2000 := time.Date(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
year3000 := time.Date(3000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)

isYear2000BeforeYear3000 := year2000.Before(year3000) // True
isYear3000BeforeYear2000 := year3000.Before(year2000) // False

fmt.Printf("year2000.Before(year3000) = %v\n", isYear2000BeforeYear3000)
fmt.Printf("year3000.Before(year2000) = %v\n", isYear3000BeforeYear2000)

Output:

year2000.Before(year3000) = true
year3000.Before(year2000) = false

func (Time) Clock 

func (t Time) Clock() (hour, min, sec int)

Clock returns the hour, minute, and second within the day specified by t.

func (Time) Date 

func (t Time) Date() (year int, month Month, day int)

Date returns the year, month, and day in which t occurs.

▾ Example

Code:

d := time.Date(2000, 2, 1, 12, 30, 0, 0, time.UTC)
year, month, day := d.Date()

fmt.Printf("year = %v\n", year)
fmt.Printf("month = %v\n", month)
fmt.Printf("day = %v\n", day)

Output:

year = 2000
month = February
day = 1

func (Time) Day 

func (t Time) Day() int

Day returns the day of the month specified by t.

▾ Example

Code:

d := time.Date(2000, 2, 1, 12, 30, 0, 0, time.UTC)
day := d.Day()

fmt.Printf("day = %v\n", day)

Output:

day = 1

func (Time) Equal 

func (t Time) Equal(u Time) bool

Equal reports whether t and u represent the same time instant. Two times can be equal even if they are in different locations. For example, 6:00 +0200 CEST and 4:00 UTC are Equal. See the documentation on the Time type for the pitfalls of using == with Time values; most code should use Equal instead.

▾ Example

Code:

secondsEastOfUTC := int((8 * time.Hour).Seconds())
beijing := time.FixedZone("Beijing Time", secondsEastOfUTC)

// Unlike the equal operator, Equal is aware that d1 and d2 are the
// same instant but in different time zones.
d1 := time.Date(2000, 2, 1, 12, 30, 0, 0, time.UTC)
d2 := time.Date(2000, 2, 1, 20, 30, 0, 0, beijing)

datesEqualUsingEqualOperator := d1 == d2
datesEqualUsingFunction := d1.Equal(d2)

fmt.Printf("datesEqualUsingEqualOperator = %v\n", datesEqualUsingEqualOperator)
fmt.Printf("datesEqualUsingFunction = %v\n", datesEqualUsingFunction)

Output:

datesEqualUsingEqualOperator = false
datesEqualUsingFunction = true

func (Time) Format 

func (t Time) Format(layout string) string

Format returns a textual representation of the time value formatted according to layout, which defines the format by showing how the reference time, defined to be 

Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 -0700 MST 2006

would be displayed if it were the value; it serves as an example of the desired output. The same display rules will then be applied to the time value.

A fractional second is represented by adding a period and zeros to the end of the seconds section of layout string, as in "15:04:05.000" to format a time stamp with millisecond precision.

Predefined layouts ANSIC, UnixDate, RFC3339 and others describe standard and convenient representations of the reference time. For more information about the formats and the definition of the reference time, see the documentation for ANSIC and the other constants defined by this package.

▾ Example

Code:

// Parse a time value from a string in the standard Unix format.
t, err := time.Parse(time.UnixDate, "Sat Mar  7 11:06:39 PST 2015")
if err != nil { // Always check errors even if they should not happen.
    panic(err)
}

// time.Time's Stringer method is useful without any format.
fmt.Println("default format:", t)

// Predefined constants in the package implement common layouts.
fmt.Println("Unix format:", t.Format(time.UnixDate))

// The time zone attached to the time value affects its output.
fmt.Println("Same, in UTC:", t.UTC().Format(time.UnixDate))

// The rest of this function demonstrates the properties of the
// layout string used in the format.

// The layout string used by the Parse function and Format method
// shows by example how the reference time should be represented.
// We stress that one must show how the reference time is formatted,
// not a time of the user's choosing. Thus each layout string is a
// representation of the time stamp,
//	Jan 2 15:04:05 2006 MST
// An easy way to remember this value is that it holds, when presented
// in this order, the values (lined up with the elements above):
//	  1 2  3  4  5    6  -7
// There are some wrinkles illustrated below.

// Most uses of Format and Parse use constant layout strings such as
// the ones defined in this package, but the interface is flexible,
// as these examples show.

// Define a helper function to make the examples' output look nice.
do := func(name, layout, want string) {
    got := t.Format(layout)
    if want != got {
        fmt.Printf("error: for %q got %q; expected %q\n", layout, got, want)
        return
    }
    fmt.Printf("%-15s %q gives %q\n", name, layout, got)
}

// Print a header in our output.
fmt.Printf("\nFormats:\n\n")

// A simple starter example.
do("Basic", "Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 MST 2006", "Sat Mar 7 11:06:39 PST 2015")

// For fixed-width printing of values, such as the date, that may be one or
// two characters (7 vs. 07), use an _ instead of a space in the layout string.
// Here we print just the day, which is 2 in our layout string and 7 in our
// value.
do("No pad", "<2>", "<7>")

// An underscore represents a space pad, if the date only has one digit.
do("Spaces", "<_2>", "< 7>")

// A "0" indicates zero padding for single-digit values.
do("Zeros", "<02>", "<07>")

// If the value is already the right width, padding is not used.
// For instance, the second (05 in the reference time) in our value is 39,
// so it doesn't need padding, but the minutes (04, 06) does.
do("Suppressed pad", "04:05", "06:39")

// The predefined constant Unix uses an underscore to pad the day.
// Compare with our simple starter example.
do("Unix", time.UnixDate, "Sat Mar  7 11:06:39 PST 2015")

// The hour of the reference time is 15, or 3PM. The layout can express
// it either way, and since our value is the morning we should see it as
// an AM time. We show both in one format string. Lower case too.
do("AM/PM", "3PM==3pm==15h", "11AM==11am==11h")

// When parsing, if the seconds value is followed by a decimal point
// and some digits, that is taken as a fraction of a second even if
// the layout string does not represent the fractional second.
// Here we add a fractional second to our time value used above.
t, err = time.Parse(time.UnixDate, "Sat Mar  7 11:06:39.1234 PST 2015")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
// It does not appear in the output if the layout string does not contain
// a representation of the fractional second.
do("No fraction", time.UnixDate, "Sat Mar  7 11:06:39 PST 2015")

// Fractional seconds can be printed by adding a run of 0s or 9s after
// a decimal point in the seconds value in the layout string.
// If the layout digits are 0s, the fractional second is of the specified
// width. Note that the output has a trailing zero.
do("0s for fraction", "15:04:05.00000", "11:06:39.12340")

// If the fraction in the layout is 9s, trailing zeros are dropped.
do("9s for fraction", "15:04:05.99999999", "11:06:39.1234")

Output:

default format: 2015-03-07 11:06:39 -0800 PST
Unix format: Sat Mar  7 11:06:39 PST 2015
Same, in UTC: Sat Mar  7 19:06:39 UTC 2015

Formats:

Basic           "Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 MST 2006" gives "Sat Mar 7 11:06:39 PST 2015"
No pad          "<2>" gives "<7>"
Spaces          "<_2>" gives "< 7>"
Zeros           "<02>" gives "<07>"
Suppressed pad  "04:05" gives "06:39"
Unix            "Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 MST 2006" gives "Sat Mar  7 11:06:39 PST 2015"
AM/PM           "3PM==3pm==15h" gives "11AM==11am==11h"
No fraction     "Mon Jan _2 15:04:05 MST 2006" gives "Sat Mar  7 11:06:39 PST 2015"
0s for fraction "15:04:05.00000" gives "11:06:39.12340"
9s for fraction "15:04:05.99999999" gives "11:06:39.1234"

func (*Time) GobDecode 

func (t *Time) GobDecode(data []byte) error

GobDecode implements the gob.GobDecoder interface.

func (Time) GobEncode 

func (t Time) GobEncode() ([]byte, error)

GobEncode implements the gob.GobEncoder interface.

func (Time) Hour 

func (t Time) Hour() int

Hour returns the hour within the day specified by t, in the range [0, 23].

func (Time) ISOWeek 

func (t Time) ISOWeek() (year, week int)

ISOWeek returns the ISO 8601 year and week number in which t occurs. Week ranges from 1 to 53. Jan 01 to Jan 03 of year n might belong to week 52 or 53 of year n-1, and Dec 29 to Dec 31 might belong to week 1 of year n+1.

func (Time) In 

func (t Time) In(loc *Location) Time

In returns a copy of t representing the same time instant, but with the copy's location information set to loc for display purposes.

In panics if loc is nil.

func (Time) IsZero 

func (t Time) IsZero() bool

IsZero reports whether t represents the zero time instant, January 1, year 1, 00:00:00 UTC.

func (Time) Local 

func (t Time) Local() Time

Local returns t with the location set to local time.

func (Time) Location 

func (t Time) Location() *Location

Location returns the time zone information associated with t.

func (Time) MarshalBinary 1.2 

func (t Time) MarshalBinary() ([]byte, error)

MarshalBinary implements the encoding.BinaryMarshaler interface.

func (Time) MarshalJSON 

func (t Time) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)

MarshalJSON implements the json.Marshaler interface. The time is a quoted string in RFC 3339 format, with sub-second precision added if present.

func (Time) MarshalText 1.2 

func (t Time) MarshalText() ([]byte, error)

MarshalText implements the encoding.TextMarshaler interface. The time is formatted in RFC 3339 format, with sub-second precision added if present.

func (Time) Minute 

func (t Time) Minute() int

Minute returns the minute offset within the hour specified by t, in the range [0, 59].

func (Time) Month 

func (t Time) Month() Month

Month returns the month of the year specified by t.

func (Time) Nanosecond 

func (t Time) Nanosecond() int

Nanosecond returns the nanosecond offset within the second specified by t, in the range [0, 999999999].

func (Time) Round 1.1 

func (t Time) Round(d Duration) Time

Round returns the result of rounding t to the nearest multiple of d (since the zero time). The rounding behavior for halfway values is to round up. If d <= 0, Round returns t stripped of any monotonic clock reading but otherwise unchanged.

Round operates on the time as an absolute duration since the zero time; it does not operate on the presentation form of the time. Thus, Round(Hour) may return a time with a non-zero minute, depending on the time's Location.

▾ Example

Code:

t := time.Date(0, 0, 0, 12, 15, 30, 918273645, time.UTC)
round := []time.Duration{
    time.Nanosecond,
    time.Microsecond,
    time.Millisecond,
    time.Second,
    2 * time.Second,
    time.Minute,
    10 * time.Minute,
    time.Hour,
}

for _, d := range round {
    fmt.Printf("t.Round(%6s) = %s\n", d, t.Round(d).Format("15:04:05.999999999"))
}

Output:

t.Round(   1ns) = 12:15:30.918273645
t.Round(   1µs) = 12:15:30.918274
t.Round(   1ms) = 12:15:30.918
t.Round(    1s) = 12:15:31
t.Round(    2s) = 12:15:30
t.Round(  1m0s) = 12:16:00
t.Round( 10m0s) = 12:20:00
t.Round(1h0m0s) = 12:00:00

func (Time) Second 

func (t Time) Second() int

Second returns the second offset within the minute specified by t, in the range [0, 59].

func (Time) String 

func (t Time) String() string

String returns the time formatted using the format string 

"2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999 -0700 MST"

If the time has a monotonic clock reading, the returned string includes a final field "m=±<value>", where value is the monotonic clock reading formatted as a decimal number of seconds.

The returned string is meant for debugging; for a stable serialized representation, use t.MarshalText, t.MarshalBinary, or t.Format with an explicit format string.

▾ Example

Code:

timeWithNanoseconds := time.Date(2000, 2, 1, 12, 13, 14, 15, time.UTC)
withNanoseconds := timeWithNanoseconds.String()

timeWithoutNanoseconds := time.Date(2000, 2, 1, 12, 13, 14, 0, time.UTC)
withoutNanoseconds := timeWithoutNanoseconds.String()

fmt.Printf("withNanoseconds = %v\n", string(withNanoseconds))
fmt.Printf("withoutNanoseconds = %v\n", string(withoutNanoseconds))

Output:

withNanoseconds = 2000-02-01 12:13:14.000000015 +0000 UTC
withoutNanoseconds = 2000-02-01 12:13:14 +0000 UTC

func (Time) Sub 

func (t Time) Sub(u Time) Duration

Sub returns the duration t-u. If the result exceeds the maximum (or minimum) value that can be stored in a Duration, the maximum (or minimum) duration will be returned. To compute t-d for a duration d, use t.Add(-d).

▾ Example

Code:

start := time.Date(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
end := time.Date(2000, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)

difference := end.Sub(start)
fmt.Printf("difference = %v\n", difference)

Output:

difference = 12h0m0s

func (Time) Truncate 1.1 

func (t Time) Truncate(d Duration) Time

Truncate returns the result of rounding t down to a multiple of d (since the zero time). If d <= 0, Truncate returns t stripped of any monotonic clock reading but otherwise unchanged.

Truncate operates on the time as an absolute duration since the zero time; it does not operate on the presentation form of the time. Thus, Truncate(Hour) may return a time with a non-zero minute, depending on the time's Location.

▾ Example

Code:

t, _ := time.Parse("2006 Jan 02 15:04:05", "2012 Dec 07 12:15:30.918273645")
trunc := []time.Duration{
    time.Nanosecond,
    time.Microsecond,
    time.Millisecond,
    time.Second,
    2 * time.Second,
    time.Minute,
    10 * time.Minute,
}

for _, d := range trunc {
    fmt.Printf("t.Truncate(%5s) = %s\n", d, t.Truncate(d).Format("15:04:05.999999999"))
}
// To round to the last midnight in the local timezone, create a new Date.
midnight := time.Date(t.Year(), t.Month(), t.Day(), 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)
_ = midnight

Output:

t.Truncate(  1ns) = 12:15:30.918273645
t.Truncate(  1µs) = 12:15:30.918273
t.Truncate(  1ms) = 12:15:30.918
t.Truncate(   1s) = 12:15:30
t.Truncate(   2s) = 12:15:30
t.Truncate( 1m0s) = 12:15:00
t.Truncate(10m0s) = 12:10:00

func (Time) UTC 

func (t Time) UTC() Time

UTC returns t with the location set to UTC.

func (Time) Unix 

func (t Time) Unix() int64

Unix returns t as a Unix time, the number of seconds elapsed since January 1, 1970 UTC. The result does not depend on the location associated with t.

▾ Example

Code:

// 1 billion seconds of Unix, three ways.
fmt.Println(time.Unix(1e9, 0).UTC())     // 1e9 seconds
fmt.Println(time.Unix(0, 1e18).UTC())    // 1e18 nanoseconds
fmt.Println(time.Unix(2e9, -1e18).UTC()) // 2e9 seconds - 1e18 nanoseconds

t := time.Date(2001, time.September, 9, 1, 46, 40, 0, time.UTC)
fmt.Println(t.Unix())     // seconds since 1970
fmt.Println(t.UnixNano()) // nanoseconds since 1970

Output:

2001-09-09 01:46:40 +0000 UTC
2001-09-09 01:46:40 +0000 UTC
2001-09-09 01:46:40 +0000 UTC
1000000000
1000000000000000000

func (Time) UnixNano 

func (t Time) UnixNano() int64

UnixNano returns t as a Unix time, the number of nanoseconds elapsed since January 1, 1970 UTC. The result is undefined if the Unix time in nanoseconds cannot be represented by an int64 (a date before the year 1678 or after 2262). Note that this means the result of calling UnixNano on the zero Time is undefined. The result does not depend on the location associated with t.

func (*Time) UnmarshalBinary 1.2 

func (t *Time) UnmarshalBinary(data []byte) error

UnmarshalBinary implements the encoding.BinaryUnmarshaler interface.

func (*Time) UnmarshalJSON 

func (t *Time) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error

UnmarshalJSON implements the json.Unmarshaler interface. The time is expected to be a quoted string in RFC 3339 format.

func (*Time) UnmarshalText 1.2 

func (t *Time) UnmarshalText(data []byte) error

UnmarshalText implements the encoding.TextUnmarshaler interface. The time is expected to be in RFC 3339 format.

func (Time) Weekday 

func (t Time) Weekday() Weekday

Weekday returns the day of the week specified by t.

func (Time) Year 

func (t Time) Year() int

Year returns the year in which t occurs.

func (Time) YearDay 1.1 

func (t Time) YearDay() int

YearDay returns the day of the year specified by t, in the range [1,365] for non-leap years, and [1,366] in leap years.

func (Time) Zone 

func (t Time) Zone() (name string, offset int)

Zone computes the time zone in effect at time t, returning the abbreviated name of the zone (such as "CET") and its offset in seconds east of UTC.

type Timer

The Timer type represents a single event. When the Timer expires, the current time will be sent on C, unless the Timer was created by AfterFunc. A Timer must be created with NewTimer or AfterFunc. 

type Timer struct {
    C <-chan Time
    // contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func AfterFunc 

func AfterFunc(d Duration, f func()) *Timer

AfterFunc waits for the duration to elapse and then calls f in its own goroutine. It returns a Timer that can be used to cancel the call using its Stop method.

func NewTimer 

func NewTimer(d Duration) *Timer

NewTimer creates a new Timer that will send the current time on its channel after at least duration d.

func (*Timer) Reset 1.1 

func (t *Timer) Reset(d Duration) bool

Reset changes the timer to expire after duration d. It returns true if the timer had been active, false if the timer had expired or been stopped.

Resetting a timer must take care not to race with the send into t.C that happens when the current timer expires. If a program has already received a value from t.C, the timer is known to have expired, and t.Reset can be used directly. If a program has not yet received a value from t.C, however, the timer must be stopped and—if Stop reports that the timer expired before being stopped—the channel explicitly drained: 

if !t.Stop() {
	<-t.C
}
t.Reset(d)

This should not be done concurrent to other receives from the Timer's channel.

Note that it is not possible to use Reset's return value correctly, as there is a race condition between draining the channel and the new timer expiring. Reset should always be invoked on stopped or expired channels, as described above. The return value exists to preserve compatibility with existing programs.

func (*Timer) Stop 

func (t *Timer) Stop() bool

Stop prevents the Timer from firing. It returns true if the call stops the timer, false if the timer has already expired or been stopped. Stop does not close the channel, to prevent a read from the channel succeeding incorrectly.

To prevent a timer created with NewTimer from firing after a call to Stop, check the return value and drain the channel. For example, assuming the program has not received from t.C already: 

if !t.Stop() {
	<-t.C
}

This cannot be done concurrent to other receives from the Timer's channel.

For a timer created with AfterFunc(d, f), if t.Stop returns false, then the timer has already expired and the function f has been started in its own goroutine; Stop does not wait for f to complete before returning. If the caller needs to know whether f is completed, it must coordinate with f explicitly.

type Weekday

A Weekday specifies a day of the week (Sunday = 0, ...). 

type Weekday int
const (
    Sunday Weekday = iota
    Monday
    Tuesday
    Wednesday
    Thursday
    Friday
    Saturday
)

func (Weekday) String 

func (d Weekday) String() string

String returns the English name of the day ("Sunday", "Monday", ...).